Metabical Case Study Summary Essay

The Cambridge Sciences Pharmaceuticals (â€Å"CSP†) is a worldwide medicinal services organization that had finished effective clinical preliminaries for its most current weight reduction physician endorsed sedate, Metabical. With the last FDA endorsement expected, Metabical’s dispatch was set for January 2009 and an unmistakable advertising interchanges system should have been set up before the dispatch. With 10 years and $400 million spent on innovative work, it was basic that CSP positions Metabical accurately in the commercial center. Ideal division, focusing on, and situating were significant variables to consider so as to guarantee that the dispatch just as post-dispatch showcasing of the medication yielded solid deals and item life span. Key Issues Examining the market and division, and recognizing the requirements of the clients. The ideal promoting effort would ensure a superior off situation of Metabical after the data search and elective valuation that clients may perform. Moreover, Metabical should be moderate and successful as it might be accessible as a doctor prescribed medication and, at any rate at first, the patients would be required to buy it as a â€Å"out of pocket† cost. Clients †¢General United Sates populace battling with overabundance weight (By 2000, 34% of the populace was overweight, 25.8% named hefty, and 4.7% was in the seriously large classification) †¢End purchaser (the patient): Moderately overweight individuals with the BMI of 25-30 †¢Men and ladies between the age 45-74 †¢Individuals with salary somewhere in the range of $40,000 and $80,000+  †¢Health care suppliers who might recommend the prescription as this is certifiably not an over-the-counter (â€Å"OTC†) sedate †¢Managed medicinal services insurance agencies Client dynamic procedure: Need Recognition and issue mindfulness: a. Overweight Consumers †Many wellbeing and social marks of disgrace are based on overabundance weight. 35% of the respondents of the CSP supported statistical surveying are attempting to get in shape and 15% of those are happy with utilizing medications to arrive at perfect weight. The battle must be engaged in actuating the inactive needs of this fragment (see Table 1, Annex). b. Medicinal services suppliers †Health care suppliers are as of now mindful of the advantages that a decrease in weight would play in their client’s wellbeing. Be that as it may, they are not effective in guiding them to build up long haul sound eating routine propensities and exercise schedules. Data search a.Overweight purchasers †Once the client has perceived the data and the need then he/she can explore through close to home sources, for example, family, companions, tributes, publicizing, advancements, and deals people or contact the master medicinal services suppliers. b.Healthcare suppliers †Healthcare suppliers get data perusing clinical diaries, going to meetings, and talking with science and clinical salespeople and different specialists. Assessment of Alternatives: a.Overweight shoppers An option for Metabical would be a plenty of OTC arrangements, for example, Alli, the main FDA endorsed OTC medication, and a dietary enhancement ephedra. These other options, be that as it may, are related with different and genuine negative reactions. The way that Metabical is the main weight reduction item that requires solution might be a point in support of its, as an indication of security and viability. Metabical is additionally just required to be taken once per day. b.Healthcare suppliers: Most by far of choices for Metabical either have a negative impact or are not directed by the FDA. Metabical speaks to a more secure decision, in legitimate terms, to suggest its utilization. As the main FDA affirmed tranquilize, Metabical can animate significant weight reduction in clients and offers a complete help and long haul weight support program that upgrades the achievement of the medication.

Locke’s Human Understanding Free Essays

1.â€Å"The way indicated how we drop by any information, adequate to demonstrate it not innate† †The regular resources that people have since birth are the ones they use to achieve information, yet don't have impressions that are natural to them. The advancement of this information and standard isn't intrinsic in character since they advance after some time. We will compose a custom paper test on Locke’s Human Understanding or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now 2.† General consent the incredible argument† †rules that acknowledged by men originated from procedure of theoretical contentions. In this manner the finish of this is the assent given by men towards the insistence of a specific rule isn't inborn. 3. â€Å"Universal assent demonstrates nothing innate† †given the way that individuals have built up the importance of an assent, subsequently rendering the information itself as not intrinsic. 4.â€Å"What is, is;† and, â€Å"It is inconceivable for something very similar to be, and not to be,† not all around consented to.† †the contention utilized on the discussion on all inclusive agree to demonstrate inborn rule, is in like manner equivalent to refuting the idea of intrinsic guideline. 5.â€Å"Not on the brain normally, engraved, on the grounds that not known to youngsters, numbskulls, etc† †there things that are not known or conceived normally to kids, along these lines those must be acquainted with them, making the information not normally supplied and inborn to them. 6.â€Å"If explanation found them, that would not demonstrate them innate.† †however by guarantee of utilization of own explanation, people have found these thinking by all inclusive consent, rendering the standard or the information as not normally engraved by the human psyche. 7.â€Å"It is bogus that reason finds them† †it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to think of natural information, on the grounds that through utilization of own reasons, these types of thinking are just derivations from built up speculations and information, in this manner making it not any longer unique. Reference 1690 AN ESSAY CONCERNING HUMAN UNDERSTANDING by John Locke. Recovered October 24, 2007 from http://oregonstate.edu/educate/phl302/writings/locke/locke1/Book1a.html#Chapter%20I   Step by step instructions to refer to Locke’s Human Understanding, Essay models

EMDR for Panic Attacks and Anxiety

EMDR for Panic Attacks and Anxiety Panic Disorder Treatment Print EMDR for Panic Attacks and Anxiety By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by a board-certified physician Updated on September 17, 2019  asiseeit / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand How It Works The Eight Phases EMDR Stimulation How EMDR Treats Panic Disorder Getting EMDR Treatment View All Back To Top Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a type of psychotherapy that was developed by psychologist Francine Shapiro in 1987 to help people deal with and heal from experiences that have caused emotional trauma. Research on and use of this method has continued to grow, making EMDR an increasingly popular technique in treating mental health disorders. In fact, EMDR has become a more common treatment option for panic disorder. How It Works As a therapeutic approach, EMDR is based on several theories of psychotherapy, including concepts of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Through EMDR techniques, which use eye movements, hand tapping, and/or audio stimulation to unblock emotional processes that have been stagnant due to distress, you can reprogram your brain, in a sense, to begin to heal from the fear and pain associated with such trauma and emotional distress. Additionally, EMDR may allow you to gain a new perspective that can facilitate improved self-esteem and enhance your personal beliefs about your capabilities.?? The Eight Phases EMDR involves eight phases of treatment that focus on the past, the present, and the future, helping you work through emotional distress and trauma and learn skills to cope with current and future stress.?? Treatment may cause rapid relief from your symptoms and even has the potential to help you begin to feel better after the first session, although there is a great deal of variability in patients responses. The eight phases include: Phase 1: The first phase involves getting your complete history regarding painful memories, events, or experiences from your past, as well as your current stresses. You and the therapist then develop a treatment plan that targets specific memories or incidents. At first, this may be more focused on your childhood. If you have panic disorder, you may be asked details about your panic attacks such as when they started, what your worst one was like, and when you had your most recent one.Phase 2: In this phase, your therapist will help you learn some ways to deal with stress and anxiety, such as doing mental exercises.Phases 3 to 6: These phases are where hard work is usually done. First, your therapist will have you choose one of the targets youve determined in phase one; for instance, a particular memory. You then describe the visual picture you have in your head of that memory, as well as how it makes you feel, both physically and emotionally. You will also be asked to identify both a negative and a positive belief about yourself related to the mental picture. Youll rate both of these beliefs as to how true they are. At this point, the EMDR stimulation takes place (see below).Phase 7: This is the closure phase, in which youll discuss the positive steps youve made and how to keep them going on a daily basis.Phase 8: At this point, you and your therapist will talk about your progress, look at your treatment goals, and see how well the goals been met and if you need to work through other targets you identified in phase one or not. Youll also discuss ways to cope with current and future stress. EMDR Stimulation During an EMDR session for panic disorder in phases 3 to 6, your therapist will ask you to recall the chosen target memory or trauma, as discussed above. As you picture the target memory in your head, as well as the negative belief about yourself and the physical sensations you feel, your therapist will have you move your eyes from side to side. To help you focus on moving your eyes, your therapist will hold up his or her first three fingers and move them in a bilateral (two-sided) motion for your eyes to follow. Instead of eye movements, you may be asked to perform hand or finger tapping or to wear a set of headphones to listen to tones that alternate from your right ear to your left ear. You will continue to focus on the traumatic feelings or memories while you participate in these bilateral eye movements, taps, or tones. Once youre finished with the EMDR stimulation, your therapist will instruct you to clear your mind and discuss any insights, thoughts, memories, feelings, or images that came to mind. Depending on whether youre starting to feel positive physical sensations or youre still feeling negative ones, your therapist will work you through the stimulation again, but it will be different if youre feeling positive. This helps reinforce the positive sensations or thoughts. Repetition is the key until you are no longer experiencing distress from that memory or incident. When you arent experiencing distress related to a certain memory any longer, your therapist will have you decide if the positive belief you stated about yourself at the beginning is still what you would choose and, if not, how you want to change it. Youll also learn to apply and focus on this positive belief in the future when you find yourself in a distressing situation by installing it with eye movements. How EMDR Treats Panic Disorder EMDR is primarily used to overcome symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, EMDR has been found to effectively other mood and anxiety disorders, including depression, phobias, and panic disorder. EMDR may be particularly helpful in treating panic disorder, panic attacks, and agoraphobia when your past traumatic experiences are contributing to your current symptoms. One study published in 2017 compared the effectiveness of EMDR to CBT in treating the symptoms of panic disorder and improving patients quality of life determined that EMDR is just as effective as CBT.?? A 2017 review of published studies on how effective EMDR is for treating trauma-associated symptoms in people with psychosis, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and chronic back pain found that EMDR does indeed improve these symptoms. The review also found evidence that EMDR may even help improve the other non-traumatic symptoms found in mood disorders and may be useful as an additional treatment for people who have chronic pain.?? When used in the treatment of panic disorder, your therapist may ask you to bring your attention to feared physical sensations or thoughts that are linked to your panic attacks. EMDR is meant to break any associations you have between certain circumstances and symptoms. Through EMDR, you may be able to learn to manage anticipatory anxiety related to panic attacks. For instance, if driving in a car often leads to anxiety and panic attacks, EMDR may be able to help you remain calm before driving and feel safer while youre on the road. Therapists who use EMDR often assign homework to help maintain progress between sessions. You may be asked to try a self-help technique that requires your imagination to envision a peaceful environment, such as visualization. Imagery desensitization may be practiced between sessions, allowing you to picture what it would be like to gradually face your fears. EMDR practitioners also often suggest keeping a daily journal that tracks your progress and the relaxation techniques you learn. Getting EMDR Treatment EMDR techniques are performed by trained professionals who are also qualified to treat panic disorder, such as psychologists or mental health counselors. If you are currently seeing a therapist who is not trained in EMDR, you can ask him or her to provide you with a referral. EMDR practitioners can also be found through online directories. EMDR is a complex and controversial technique. Its not totally clear how it works and its not effective for everyone. Your doctor or therapist will be able to help you determine if EMDR is the right treatment option for your particular needs. Get Help With the Best Online Therapy Programs

EMDR for Panic Attacks and Anxiety

EMDR for Panic Attacks and Anxiety Panic Disorder Treatment Print EMDR for Panic Attacks and Anxiety By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by a board-certified physician Updated on September 17, 2019  asiseeit / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand How It Works The Eight Phases EMDR Stimulation How EMDR Treats Panic Disorder Getting EMDR Treatment View All Back To Top Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a type of psychotherapy that was developed by psychologist Francine Shapiro in 1987 to help people deal with and heal from experiences that have caused emotional trauma. Research on and use of this method has continued to grow, making EMDR an increasingly popular technique in treating mental health disorders. In fact, EMDR has become a more common treatment option for panic disorder. How It Works As a therapeutic approach, EMDR is based on several theories of psychotherapy, including concepts of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Through EMDR techniques, which use eye movements, hand tapping, and/or audio stimulation to unblock emotional processes that have been stagnant due to distress, you can reprogram your brain, in a sense, to begin to heal from the fear and pain associated with such trauma and emotional distress. Additionally, EMDR may allow you to gain a new perspective that can facilitate improved self-esteem and enhance your personal beliefs about your capabilities.?? The Eight Phases EMDR involves eight phases of treatment that focus on the past, the present, and the future, helping you work through emotional distress and trauma and learn skills to cope with current and future stress.?? Treatment may cause rapid relief from your symptoms and even has the potential to help you begin to feel better after the first session, although there is a great deal of variability in patients responses. The eight phases include: Phase 1: The first phase involves getting your complete history regarding painful memories, events, or experiences from your past, as well as your current stresses. You and the therapist then develop a treatment plan that targets specific memories or incidents. At first, this may be more focused on your childhood. If you have panic disorder, you may be asked details about your panic attacks such as when they started, what your worst one was like, and when you had your most recent one.Phase 2: In this phase, your therapist will help you learn some ways to deal with stress and anxiety, such as doing mental exercises.Phases 3 to 6: These phases are where hard work is usually done. First, your therapist will have you choose one of the targets youve determined in phase one; for instance, a particular memory. You then describe the visual picture you have in your head of that memory, as well as how it makes you feel, both physically and emotionally. You will also be asked to identify both a negative and a positive belief about yourself related to the mental picture. Youll rate both of these beliefs as to how true they are. At this point, the EMDR stimulation takes place (see below).Phase 7: This is the closure phase, in which youll discuss the positive steps youve made and how to keep them going on a daily basis.Phase 8: At this point, you and your therapist will talk about your progress, look at your treatment goals, and see how well the goals been met and if you need to work through other targets you identified in phase one or not. Youll also discuss ways to cope with current and future stress. EMDR Stimulation During an EMDR session for panic disorder in phases 3 to 6, your therapist will ask you to recall the chosen target memory or trauma, as discussed above. As you picture the target memory in your head, as well as the negative belief about yourself and the physical sensations you feel, your therapist will have you move your eyes from side to side. To help you focus on moving your eyes, your therapist will hold up his or her first three fingers and move them in a bilateral (two-sided) motion for your eyes to follow. Instead of eye movements, you may be asked to perform hand or finger tapping or to wear a set of headphones to listen to tones that alternate from your right ear to your left ear. You will continue to focus on the traumatic feelings or memories while you participate in these bilateral eye movements, taps, or tones. Once youre finished with the EMDR stimulation, your therapist will instruct you to clear your mind and discuss any insights, thoughts, memories, feelings, or images that came to mind. Depending on whether youre starting to feel positive physical sensations or youre still feeling negative ones, your therapist will work you through the stimulation again, but it will be different if youre feeling positive. This helps reinforce the positive sensations or thoughts. Repetition is the key until you are no longer experiencing distress from that memory or incident. When you arent experiencing distress related to a certain memory any longer, your therapist will have you decide if the positive belief you stated about yourself at the beginning is still what you would choose and, if not, how you want to change it. Youll also learn to apply and focus on this positive belief in the future when you find yourself in a distressing situation by installing it with eye movements. How EMDR Treats Panic Disorder EMDR is primarily used to overcome symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, EMDR has been found to effectively other mood and anxiety disorders, including depression, phobias, and panic disorder. EMDR may be particularly helpful in treating panic disorder, panic attacks, and agoraphobia when your past traumatic experiences are contributing to your current symptoms. One study published in 2017 compared the effectiveness of EMDR to CBT in treating the symptoms of panic disorder and improving patients quality of life determined that EMDR is just as effective as CBT.?? A 2017 review of published studies on how effective EMDR is for treating trauma-associated symptoms in people with psychosis, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and chronic back pain found that EMDR does indeed improve these symptoms. The review also found evidence that EMDR may even help improve the other non-traumatic symptoms found in mood disorders and may be useful as an additional treatment for people who have chronic pain.?? When used in the treatment of panic disorder, your therapist may ask you to bring your attention to feared physical sensations or thoughts that are linked to your panic attacks. EMDR is meant to break any associations you have between certain circumstances and symptoms. Through EMDR, you may be able to learn to manage anticipatory anxiety related to panic attacks. For instance, if driving in a car often leads to anxiety and panic attacks, EMDR may be able to help you remain calm before driving and feel safer while youre on the road. Therapists who use EMDR often assign homework to help maintain progress between sessions. You may be asked to try a self-help technique that requires your imagination to envision a peaceful environment, such as visualization. Imagery desensitization may be practiced between sessions, allowing you to picture what it would be like to gradually face your fears. EMDR practitioners also often suggest keeping a daily journal that tracks your progress and the relaxation techniques you learn. Getting EMDR Treatment EMDR techniques are performed by trained professionals who are also qualified to treat panic disorder, such as psychologists or mental health counselors. If you are currently seeing a therapist who is not trained in EMDR, you can ask him or her to provide you with a referral. EMDR practitioners can also be found through online directories. EMDR is a complex and controversial technique. Its not totally clear how it works and its not effective for everyone. Your doctor or therapist will be able to help you determine if EMDR is the right treatment option for your particular needs. Get Help With the Best Online Therapy Programs

a va" Informal French How Are You

Now that we have studied  the formal ways of saying how are you in French, lets look at the informal ways. Granted,  Ãƒ §a va is not the most formal French. But its so practical that its been used a lot in French lately, and has really made its way in almost all situations: among friends and family, of course, but also at the office or with acquaintances. Its only in the most formal of situations that it may not be appropriate. For example, you wouldnt say to the Queen of England Bonjour Votre Majestà ©, à §a va ? Ça Va: How Are You / How Is It Going? Ça va (pronounced sava, since the cedilla makes the C sound like an S) is truly the magical French language word language. Why? Because it never changes. It is used to both ask and answer common questions about well-being. Use Ça Va to Ask an Individual How Are You? Ça va Camille ? (How are you, Camille?)Oui, à §a va bien, merci. Et toi ? (Yes, Im fine, thanks. And you?) Whether you are using tu or vous doesnt matter: Ça va madame Chevalier ? (How are you, Madame Chevalier?)Oui, à §a va bien, merci. Et vous ?  (Yes, Im fine, thank you. And you ?) Use Ça Va to Ask Several People How Are You? Ça va bien vous deux ? (How are you both?)Ça va, à §a va, merci. Et toi ? (Fine, fine, and you?) Use Ça Va to Ask About Others Et vos enfants, à §a va ? (And your kids, are they OK?)Oui, à §a va bien, merci. (Yes, they are well, thanks.) You dont even need to use à §a va  to talk about people. Votre travail, à §a va ? (How is work?)La santà © de votre mà ¨re, à §a va ? (How is your mothers health?)

Definition and Examples of Contact Languages

A contact language is a marginal language (a type of lingua franca) used for purposes of basic communication by people with no common language. English as lingua franca (ELF), says Alan Firth, is a contact language between persons who share neither a common native tongue nor a common (national) culture, and for whom English is the chosen foreign language of communication (1996). Examples and Observations Ancient Greek around the Mediterranean basin, or later Latin throughout the Roman Empire, were both contact languages. They tend to vary in use in different local contexts, and there is often a great deal of local language interference. Latin, for example, later developed many local forms which eventually became French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and so on. The contact language usually dominates in situations in which the speakers of that language have military or economic power over other language users. . . .When the contact between groups of people is prolonged, a hybrid language can develop known as a pidgin. These tend to occur in situations where one language dominates, and there are two or more other languages at hand. (Peter Stockwell, Sociolinguistics: A Resource Book for Students. Routledge, 2002)The most often cited example of a (bilingual) mixed system is Michif, a contact language that developed in Canada between French-speaking fur traders and their Cree-speaking wiv es. (Naomi Baron, Alphabet to Email: How Written English Evolved. Routledge, 2001) English (or ELF) as a Contact Language English as a Lingua Franca (henceforth ELF) refers, in a nutshell, to the worlds most extensive contemporary use of English, in essence, English when it is used as a contact language between people from different first languages (including native English speakers). (Jennifer Jenkins,  English as a Lingua Franca in the International University: The Politics of Academic English Language Policy. Routledge, 2013)ELF [English as a Lingua Franca] provides a kind of global currency for people from a great variety of backgrounds who come into contact with one another and use the English language as a default means of communication. ELF as a contact language is often used in short contact situations, such that fleeting English norms are in operation, with variation being one of the hallmarks of ELF (Firth, 2009). Thus ELF does not function as a territorialized and institutionalized second language, nor can it be described as a variety with its own literary or cultural products, as is the ca se with the English language used for instance in Singapore, Nigeria, Malaysia, or India, where WE [World Englishes] have emerged in different ways from much longer contact situations. (Juliane House, Teaching Oral Skills in English as a Lingua Franca.  Principles and Practices for Teaching English as an International Language, ed. by  Lubna Alsagoff et al. Routledge, 2012) Modifications A very naive view of language contact would probably hold that speakers take bundles of formal and functional properties, semiotic signs so to speak, from the relevant contact language and insert them into their own language. . . . A probably more realistic view held in language contact research is that whatever kind of material is transferred in a situation of language contact, this material necessarily experiences some sort of modification through contact. (Peter Siemund, Language Contact in Language Contact and Contact Languages, ed. by P. Siemund and N. Kintana. John Benjamins, 2008)

The Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay...

Stem cells show potential for many different areas of health and medical research, and studying them can help us understand how they transform into the dazzling array of specialized cells that make us what we are. Some of the most serious medical conditions, such as cancer and birth defects, are caused by problems that occur somewhere in this process. A better understanding of normal cell development will allow us to understand and perhaps correct the errors that cause these medical conditions. A stem cell is a primitive type of cell that can be coaxed into developing into most of the 220 types of cells found in the human body (e.g. blood cells, heart cells, brain cells, etc). Some researchers regard them as offering the greatest†¦show more content†¦sent a letter to members of Congress urging them to support federal funding for... [Stem cell] research. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;â€Å"If researchers can decode how cells develop into tissue and organs, then they will begin to understand the mechanisms of quot;abnormal growth and development which, in turn, could lead to the discovery of new ways to prevent and treat birth defects and even cancer.quot; Researchers might be able to develop specific cell types, tissues, organs, etc. from stem cells. The former could then be used to study the effects of new drugs. This should reduce the numbers of animal studies and human clinical trials that are requiredShow MoreRelatedThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesStates, research has become a viable tool for sustaining and prolonging human life. As research evolves, it brings along with it much controversy, especially where stem cell research is involved. Stem cell research can bring new insight to today’s medical field. 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Bush looked stern and confident as he addressed the American people on August 9th, 2001. It was an historic day for the 43rd president, as he explained the debate surrounding embryonic stem cell research, including its possible benefits for science but also its problems surrounding morals and ethics. â€Å"The issue is debated within the church, with people of different faiths, even many of the same faith coming to different conclusionsRead MoreEssay on The Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research2589 Words   |  11 Pagesof stem cells can become a very controversial subject in the scientific research world. Stem cells serve as an internal repair system to restore other cells as long as the person or animal is still alive. By doing so, many fatal and untreatable diseases such as leukemia and Parkinson’s would be able to be treated and cured. The origination of stem cells is what stirs up great controversy across the nation and among the world. Until recently, scientists primarily worked with two kinds of stem cells:Read MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesStem Cell Research   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topic of stem cell research does not affect me so much at the moment. It might in the future, but for now it does not. I do believe that stem cell research should be used for cloning organs that will be used for organ transplants. I do not however think that parents should place the doctors on pedestals just because these â€Å"mad scientists† supposedly have the power of God.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The topic of heated debate does intrigue me, but not to the point as to where I would makeRead MoreEssay on The Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research1025 Words   |  5 PagesStem Cell Research Should stem cell research be allowed? Stem cell research has been a major biological breakthrough in recent years. It has great potential to help people and ease suffering. But there is also a moral question raised about stem cell research, and that comes from the source of stem cells. Ever since Stem Cell research started, there has been much debate over whether or not it should be allowed. Some people are completely against stem cell research becauseRead MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay1477 Words   |  6 PagesStem Cells Few scientific issues in recent years have managed to draw as much attention, both scientific and otherwise, than stem cell research. I was first introduced to the term ‘stem cells’ when I was in high school, and since then, I have had a keen interest in the direction science is taking them. When considering medical research as a whole, stem cells appear to have the makings of a 21st century medical revolution a la discovery of antibiotics . The open-ended nature of stems cells hasRead More The Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay3495 Words   |  14 PagesEmbryonic Stem Cell Research Stem cells are the newest hot topic in biological research. Very few other ongoing areas of research have been the focus of numerous articles, Presidential and Congressional scrutiny, and numerous ethical debates played out in the national media. This ongoing focus on stem cells is due in part to their amazing potential and in part to the controversial nature of one type of stem cell—the embryonic stem cell. The key question that is being dealt with is the issueRead MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay2717 Words   |  11 PagesStem Cell Research - Embryonic Stem Cell Use Controversial Despite the strong consensus in America against creating embryos to destroy them, those actually involved in embryo research no longer see any serious ethical problem in it. Now the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) says that ASRMs ethical guidelines permit the creation of human embryos to destroy them. Some even argue that such research is morally superior to the use of spare embryos, because the egg and sperm donorsRead MoreThe Heated Debate Concerning Stem Cell Research Essay2103 Words   |  9 Pages(Engebreston, 2006). In today’s world medical research and technology is rapidly changing and there are increasing ethical conflicts between science and religion particularly with the recent harvest and research of embryonic stem cells. The use of embryonic stem cells has been described by â€Å"Chris McDonald, stem cell research centre, 2008† as one of the most significant breakthroughs of this century in biomedicine. The focus question within this rese arch assignment is, it is right to regard an embryo

Seven Deadly Sins in Doctor Faustus Essay Example For Students

Seven Deadly Sins in Doctor Faustus Essay Dr Faustus is a short play written by Christopher Marlowe. The play is a masterful insight into the paradoxical soul of mankind and its ironically self inflicted corruption. The play could be classification as a theological allegory. It can be assumed that the play specifically speaks to the religious motivations of the time, but can be adapted to the present as well. Marlowe portrays Faustus ambition as dangerous; it was the cause of his demise. Perhaps Marlowe used the theme of over-ambition as a warning to the audience, who would be likely to be wary of ambition it was looked down on as a negative personality trait in Christian England Calvinism Munteanu, Class notes. An on going theme within the story is the corruption of a soul which is played out through the use of religious beliefs. Specifically, the use of the seven deadly sins is a precursor to man kinds self inflicted death. Marlowe uses sin, redemption and damnation to get his point across to the audience. The sins that Marlowe specifically uses are those of: pride, covetousness, wrath, envy, gluttony, sloth and lechery. Theses sins are colourfully displayed through the character traits of Dr Faustus. In the process we view them and can adapt them to our own lives and how they are all parts to the corruption of our souls. Marlowe reflects ambition in the character of Faustus to deter the audience from being ambitious, and over-reaching their place in the laws of the church. Marlowe uses symbols of religion to fill the play such as the use of the dark arts, angles, demons, God, the Devil, quotes from the bible, the symbol of blood, and the use of the seven sins. With the use of these icons he humours the reader he displays the gullibility of even the greatest leaders. In the prologue, Marlowe introduces us to Dr Faustus via the chorus. Here we are told of the life of an ordinary man, born to modest people. This piece tells us that in the new age of the Renaissance, a common-born scholar like Faustus, is as important as any king or warrior, and his story is worthy of being told. Also state is that Dr Faustuss swelling pride will lead to his downfall. Here we are addressed with a precursor of what is about to happen and how it is to be facilitated, again by one mans desire to destroy himself in respect to Godliness. In act one, Marlowe portrays Faustus as being over-ambitious by his turning to magic, which is a much more sinister and much less conventional pursuit than others that he had been discussing previously. Faustus hopes that magic will make him omnipotent and god-like. Through out the next few acts we see Dr Faustus disregard the teachings against the seven deadly sins with his trickery and debauchery. The great doctor Faustus has the seven deadly sins entrenched in his life and they are displayed by his various actions during the play. The first deadly sin was that of pride. Dr Faustus saw himself as in comparison to others in a competitive nature. Pride and vanity are competitive. This was done in Act One when he sits there and tells the audience of his accomplishments and wishes for more glory. The second is covetousness, it is manifested in the play through various actions. Faustus demonstrates this in various scenes, when he evokes the devils magic, the want of a wife, and the overall actions of his character portray his pursuit of knowledge and glory. Usually this sin is manifested through sex, power, or image which demises the self control and can suffocate the soul. It is the self-destructive drive for pleasure which is out of control. Faustus does this when he performs his silly tricks for self indulgence. Wrath is the third sin. Life And Death In John Keats EssayBefore Faustus dies he seems to think he sees the blood of Christ streak across the sky. To Christians the symbol of blood means life and communion of the Christian belief. Christian virtues are being inspected with the use of temptation, and sin. Prominent token head figures are also being scrutinized they are placed in the story for aid or to reveal their sins. With each of these symbols the author adds shock value to the play. Using the head of the Catholic Church for humour is another twist that Marlowe has woven into the play. The pope and his courtiers are being made fun of; they do not see the stupid tricks that are being played on them show their earthy insolence. These people represent the cornerstones of the church; they are being played with, and rendered idiots of the unknown. The use of redemption is the various characters that speak to Faustus and bid him to leave the dark arts and pick up the scriptures or in other words return to Gods light. Even the demonic spirits tell Faustus of the impending horrors of death but he does not abide to the forewarnings. This only shows that mankind has self direction he may chose what he wants to follow. Even if the out come is negative Gods light is usually eternal and all we need is to ask for help. The damnation with in the text is obvious as in the opening scene with the chorus, the death of mans body but worse the death of his soul. His corruption of earthly knowledge and possessions only grants the eternal demise. The main character Dr Faustus is a tragic hero; in the process of the play he destroys himself but in the same step he sarcastically displays the audiences own idiosyncrasies. The on going theme within the story has been the use of religious icons and beliefs. We have seen the use of the seven deadly sins as well as the patriarchs of faith and politics corrupted by a jester in their court. During an in class discussion we were told that the play was written by Marlowe in response to the teachings of John Calvin. Munteanu, 2002. Therefore it can be said that Marlowe is attempting to alter the doctrines his fellow country men with whom are questioning their religions. Marlowe uses the renaissance ideals with the medieval myths to master his point. This work is a forewarning of damnation by those who attempt to alter the doctrines or moral standards, and a beacon of caution to those in search of the unknown. Dr Faustus, the work of good and evil. When man becomes idle his mind wanders and he wants more. With the wealth of knowledge Dr Faustus wanted more, he was no longer content with his academia since they could no longer provide him with wealth and fame as well as fulfill his souls want, he turned to the mastering of the dark arts.

Think It Through Why You Need Thought Leadership Now

THINK IT THROUGH: WHY YOU NEED THOUGHT LEADERSHIP NOW You’re thinking about retirement. You pick up a magazine, read some articles, and then call an investor. You’re looking for ways to better manage your team at work. You get an email about team management with a link to a blog post. It has some great ideas that will work for your situation. You are researching IT solutions for your company. You find plenty of articles online and quickly find a company that can help. These are all examples of encountering thought leadership. Whole Foods, Ford, Vanguard, and J.P. Morgan are all companies investing in thought leadership to connect with businesses and customers on a relational level and turn business transactions into an ongoing conversation. Thought leadership builds trust with customers and turns one-off transactions into a lifelong company loyalty. What is thought leadership, exactly? A thought leader is, simply, an expert. It can be a single person or an entire business, so long as their expertise is recognized by others in their field. The term dates to the late 1880s, when abolitionist Henry Ward Beecher was described as one of America’s great thought leaders, but it has become popularized in contemporary business jargon over the past 30 years. And there’s an added component: published works. David Rosenbaum is Editor-in-Chief for The Bloom Group. Since 1998, the company has helped businesses establish themselves as thought leaders with articles published in Harvard Business Review, Forbes.com, Sloan Management Review, and more. The Bloom Group counts consulting firms, Big 4 accounting firms, IT companies, and others among its clients. â€Å"Thought leadership is simply demonstrating expertise in an area by publishing articles about it,† Rosenbaum said in an exclusive interview. Before working with The Bloom Group, Rosenbaum was a senior editor at CFO Magazine and editor-in-chief of Boston Magazine. He broke down the necessary components for true thought leadership into four categories. Articles need to: solve business problems in a new way say something novel be realistic be supported by data and real-world examples â€Å"That’s why it’s so hard,† Rosenbaum said. â€Å"It has to be novel, it has to be supported by real world examples, it has to be realistic. It’s not advertising.† By publishing articles in a specialized field, thought leaders can emerge as experts in that field. By identifying problems and proposing solutions, thought leaders prove themselves to readers, who then seek out these thought leaders for future business. Why is thought leadership important? With effective thought leadership, a potential client will read about an innovative idea in an article published by a thought leader. Then, the client will seek out the thought leader’s expertise to solve that problem. That article could be in any field: banking, information technology, or manufacturing. Rosenbaum shared an example of one of his client’s real-world successes. After a life science company published a series of articles in a specialized field publication, the company’s chief marketing officer reported the articles led to more than a million dollars in additional sales. Establishing itself as a thought leader – illustrating how to solve business problems with novel, realistic ideas, supported by real-world examples – directly impacted the company’s bottom line. While important in business-to-consumer relationships (B2C), thought leadership is especially critical in business-to-business (B2B) relationships. Thought leadership can lead the way for innovative content marketing, an area many businesses are expanding. Thought leadership is crucial in today’s business environment. As the business climate transitions from a knowledge-based to a wisdom-based economy, emphasis is placed on trust, transparency, and collaboration, and adding value in every aspect of the client relationship. Thought leadership yields different rewards at each stage of the process. In early stages, corporations expand their reach, and can expect more inbound inquiries from clients seeking solutions to business problems. After early stages of development, a thought leadership campaign might encourage faster sales cycles and larger deals, expanding the company’s depth. The later stages of thought leadership produce established relationships, with increased customer loyalty and enduring lifetime value. Who can be thought leaders? Thought leaders can be executives, subject-matter experts (SMEs), or a corporation as a whole. To become a thought leader, qualified individuals or businesses should: Define their brand: What is the brand’s enduring idea? How will it differentiate itself from competition? Who is the brand’s target audience? Possess legitimate experience and insights in their subject matter. Manage a thought leadership profile by identifying: subject-matter expertise, methodology, audience, industry pain points, industry opportunities, ideal media goals. Write: Publish a blog or articles in the field. Seek out speaking opportunities: Offer to participate in discussion panels or give a keynote address, and provide information the audience needs and can use. Blog and use social media: Use blogs, Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, or other social media to interact with the community. Post information about publications, speaking engagements, and interviews. Build trustworthy relationships with the community: Publish honestly and truthfully. Initiate and cultivate media relationships: Get to know journalists and editors and provide them with leads, stories, insights, and quotes. Control their online identity: Use social media platforms carefully and consistently to maintain the brand. Commit to thought leadership: Making a commitment to generous and transparent knowledge-sharing can set thought leaders apart from the competition, and is another form of corporate social responsibility. Committing to ongoing thought leadership can help businesses stay relevant. What are some examples of thought leadership? The financial services firm J.P. Morgan brands its expertise as â€Å"Institutional Asset Management Thought Leadership.† Here’s how the firm meets Rosenbaum’s criteria for thought leadership by 1) saying something novel, 2) giving proof through data and real-world examples, 3) solving business problems in a new way, and 4) being realistic. 1) First, the firm says something novel by inviting readers to delve into its compelling insights and discover the firm’s best thinking on money markets. White papers, insights, survey reports, market guides, and the retirement-focused Journey Magazine educate and draw in, further establishing the firm as a thought leader. 2) Next, the organization supports its authority within its specialized field with real-world case studies. 3) The firm makes a case for leading the way in solving business problems, like retirement saving. 4) Finally, the company stays realistic, like this report on oil’s relationship to the market. These examples show how J.P. Morgan has established itself as a thought leader by publishing a unique, informed perspective and authority on industry issues in order to play a guiding role as experienced professionals sharing insights. The information is useful and relevant, packaged for easy consumption, applicable and useful, and speaks to its audience’s daily reality. Honest and truthful publication that draws in clients can establish businesses or individuals as thought leaders in their specialized field. With commitment and time, thought leadership can help propel brands to success. â€Å"All big businesses tend to use thought leadership to market their expertise,† said Rosenbaum. â€Å"If companies keep spending money on it†¦ it’s working.† Up next: Thought Leadership How-To

Free Essays on Uniforms In Public School

Uniforms In Public School Quality education is critical to the future of America’s children. However, we cannot educate our children in schools where weapons, gang violence, and drugs threaten their safety. Research has shown that some students resort to violence and theft simply to obtain designer clothes or name brand shoes, it is no secret that violent behavior has become a problem in public schools. As a result, many school districts nationwide are tying to enforce uniforms as a part of their dress code this, they believe, will help get the minds of their students off of fashion and onto their education. As violence, competition between students, and distractions from the educational system increase in public schools, administrators are beginning to consider uniforms as a solution to the problem. Many parents and students support the uniform issue because they feel it makes all the students equal in the eyes of their peers and teachers. Uniforms have been used in an effort to try to reduce crime, and at the same time, remove peer pressure amongst those students who are tying to â€Å"fit in† so they can concentrate on their school work. When Clinton was President, he said, â€Å"If uniforms can help deter school violence, promote discipline, and foster a better learning environment, then we should show strong support to the parents that try them†.(21) By mandating uniforms in public school, school officials hope to see a reduction in crime and violence. According to statistics, there are notable decreases in school violence and illegal offenses after either a school uniform or a standardized dress code is enforced. But can uniforms really help in deterring violence and crime? Many parents and teachers say yes. Supporters of uniforms say that students’ clothing reveals what social class and status the children are from which causes conflicts among them.(Nittel) If it is true that a child’s clothes does make a di... Free Essays on Uniforms In Public School Free Essays on Uniforms In Public School Uniforms In Public School Quality education is critical to the future of America’s children. However, we cannot educate our children in schools where weapons, gang violence, and drugs threaten their safety. Research has shown that some students resort to violence and theft simply to obtain designer clothes or name brand shoes, it is no secret that violent behavior has become a problem in public schools. As a result, many school districts nationwide are tying to enforce uniforms as a part of their dress code this, they believe, will help get the minds of their students off of fashion and onto their education. As violence, competition between students, and distractions from the educational system increase in public schools, administrators are beginning to consider uniforms as a solution to the problem. Many parents and students support the uniform issue because they feel it makes all the students equal in the eyes of their peers and teachers. Uniforms have been used in an effort to try to reduce crime, and at the same time, remove peer pressure amongst those students who are tying to â€Å"fit in† so they can concentrate on their school work. When Clinton was President, he said, â€Å"If uniforms can help deter school violence, promote discipline, and foster a better learning environment, then we should show strong support to the parents that try them†.(21) By mandating uniforms in public school, school officials hope to see a reduction in crime and violence. According to statistics, there are notable decreases in school violence and illegal offenses after either a school uniform or a standardized dress code is enforced. But can uniforms really help in deterring violence and crime? Many parents and teachers say yes. Supporters of uniforms say that students’ clothing reveals what social class and status the children are from which causes conflicts among them.(Nittel) If it is true that a child’s clothes does make a di...

RITUALS&SYMBOLS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

RITUALS&SYMBOLS - Essay Example Most of the people were dressed nice, but some were wearing blue jeans and nice T-shirts with tennis shoes. The overall impression was a group of fashionable suburbanites at one of their more important social gatherings. The church looked as if it had been constructed sometime in the past ten years. It was relatively large and didn’t necessarily look like the traditional country church with steeple. Instead, it was shaped almost like an L, made of light brown brick and creamy white siding with darker brown brick accenting the cornerstones and other features. At one end of the church, there was an impressive open-air tower that might have been a modern interpretation of the old steeple. The roofs were sharply peaked and tiled in green, giving the church a very natural appearance as if it had been placed there by God for the use of his servants. Inside, the first thing a person entered was the lobby. This was a long, very wide corridor that was lined with windows and covered with skylights. This made it seem almost like standing outside, but was protected from the elements and could be heated and cooled at appropriate times. For those who feel the only proper worship should be held outside, this lobby was very close to bringing the outside in. The light associated with God seemed very welcome and people were offered drinks, food and religious reading or listening material as they passed by small tables. The sanctuary didn’t have as much light, but regular windows, curtained with soft, gauzy white fabric, also allowed plenty of natural light to stream in from the edges. The large array of pipes for the pipe organ stood impressively behind the altar with the choir standing in front of it singing a hymn and making it obvious that music was a large portion of this church’s worship. A large wooden cross and plenty of green potted plants, mostly palm-type plants, decorated the altar as well, again bringing to mind the concept of the natural

Recruitment and Retention. What are the keys Dissertation

Recruitment and Retention. What are the keys - Dissertation Example Evidence from studies and research allude to several reasons why teachers get into, stay within or leave the teaching profession. Of course, the issue is one to be discussed and redressed. One thing worthy of note is that teaching is the leading recruiter in the UK. It is estimated that recruitment of graduates should not fall within a 12 per cent range every year if a steady increase of teachers is to be maintained. Smithers and Robinson1 believed that not just the target of employing teachers that matter, but how these targets are accomplished. They state that: â€Å"Teaching’s lack of success in tapping the widest pool of potential applicants may mean the profile of those accepted on training courses for the secondary age range does not adequately reflect the needs of schools in terms of gender, age, ethnic background and location.† Sometimes, teachers are recruited from migrant or immigrant workforce. This has sometimes been criticised on the basis that it has a neg ative impact on pupil’s academic accomplishments. For example, OFSTED stated that â€Å"Teachers recruited from overseas are often less effective because they lack familiarity with the National Curriculum†2. Hard-to-fill vacancies always require specialists for such positions. For example, it was reported that: â€Å"the quality of mathematics teaching at Key Stages 3 and 4 suffers in many schools because the limited amount of specialist teachers' expertise is deployed largely on post-16 courses. As a result, non-specialist teachers undertake a significant minority of the teaching at Key Stage 3, where they find it difficult to respond effectively to the demands of the Key Stage 3 Strategy high staff turnover and staff shortages are also having a negative impact on Key Stage 3 Strategy development work in science in a minority of secondary science departments. â€Å"3 Employers are seeking for better ways to recruit and retain labour. In most cases, they go in search of general characteristics, skills and qualifications. On the other hand, factors that will determine the retention of labour include the nature of work, characteristics of the employer, job satisfaction, recognition by employer, remunerations as well as similar employment benefits, balance between work and life, the prospect of further training, affiliation with employer and correlation with fellow workers. A former British premier stated that: â€Å"The best defence against social exclusion is having a job, and the best way to get a job is to have a good education, with the right training and experience†4. This is the more reason why problems plaguing the general labour market situation in the United Kingdom will be addressed. It is also imperative to take notice of the fact the recommendations are indispensable, if situation relating to the current recruitment and retention needs some utmost attention. CONTENTS PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...01 CONTENTS PAGE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...03 INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦...04 PROBLEM BACKGROUND†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...06 METHODOLOGY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦

Techno Structural Interventions

Techno Structural Interventions Employees involvement is one of the major issues in the field of management sciences; it becomes relatively more important when appears in organization development process. While going for some interventions, success without the employees involvement seems to be impossible. This paper argues that how the employees involvement affect the success of interventions process. For this Empirical study has been conducted in the textile sector of Pakistan to explore the relationship between the employees involvement and the techno-structural interventions, the results are very much likely the literature. Change tries to alter the employees status quo; if it occurs rapidly it can be very disturbing for all the stake holders of the organization (DaphneÂÂ  G.ÂÂ  Taras, JamesÂÂ  T.ÂÂ  Bennett, 2007) as the employees are the direct victims of the change thats why they feel more economic insecurity in the work place. Change can be of various types and can raise the fear in the employees, doest not matter; it has good or bad impact on the employees (ADF Price, K chahl, 2006) but on the whole change always come in the organization for the development purposes (Rikard Athin, 2004). Organization development is controlled process in which sequence of actions, activities intended to improve the organizational performance and effectiveness (Thomas G cummings; Christopher G whorley, 2002).These set of sequenced planned changes for improvement of organizational performance and development are called interventions (cummings; whorley, 1993). Interventions will only work for the or ganization if they are relevant with the organization (Chris Argyris, 1970). These interventions design varies from organizational needs and can be divided into different types of interventions (D. Coghlan 1995). At the highest level in the organization, there are strategic level interventions, which are designed to form the organization structure for achieving its objectives affectively (R. Draft 1998). The other one is the techno-structural intervention, having purpose is to form appropriate work designs and organizational structures to provide the strategic support of the organization development (E lawler III, 1974). The third component of the intervention is the people oriented interventions which focus on the fulfillment of human needs in the organization as well as the expectations of the organizational effectiveness (Frank Friedlander; LD Brown, 1974). Our main focus in this research is in techno-structural intervention, which deals with the restructuring of the organization; the restructuring is in the division of workload of overall organization in to subunits for completion of the task effectively (M Tushman, E Romanelli, 1986). Restructuring can be performed on at least five major factors, environment, organization size, technology, organization strategy and world wide operation (Thomas G cummings; Christopher G whorley, 2002). Second other major component of techno structural intervention is the employees involvement, D Glew, et al 1995 defined the employees involvement on the basis of power, information, knowledge and skills and finally reward. Final component of intervention is work design , broadly speaking work design is of two types, one is of scientific management (F. Taylor, 1911) which is task oriented, the other type of work design is motivational approach (G Susman, 1976). Muhammad Imran Muhammad Mahmood Aslam In literature, F. Herzberg, N. Mausner, B snyderman 1959, describes the work design having the opportunities for autonomy, move forwarding, responsibility and authority gives more satisfaction to the employees and increase the employees involvement. Enrichment of the job of the employees leads to the employees satisfaction as well as to the acceptance of the change (F. Hertz berg, 1974). Employees involvement plays an important role in the success or failure of the organization. Our research in this context revolves around the relationship between the employees involvement and its effect on the techno structural interventions. In this exploratory research we will describe the relationship which exists in the employees involvement and techno-structural interventions. Methodology We have used the data from three different sources i.e. Literature, Survey using questionnaire and unstructured interviews. The literature based on the interventions; which includes the previous research on the interventions as well as the case studies from national as well as from international journals have been used to provide theoretical ground to our hypothesis. Beside this, for empirical study we have selected the textile industry of Pakistan, in which changes are imminent on radically basis (Yim Yu Wong, Peng S. Chan 1993). In textile industry of Pakistan, we have selected the five readily available organizations from which we get the sample of 150 respondents by using the simple random sampling method. All the respondents were middle level managers having minimum 10-15 years of experience in the apparel industry. Beside this in our respondents are the top level management, for them we use the interviews for collecting the data. Analysis of both quantitative and qualitative da ta has been performed in our research. Scope As the Economic recession all over the world has affect the industry all over the world, but in all these circumstances under developed countries suffer more with this phenomenon (Nick Beams 2001 ). In case of Pakistani, where the major export portion is based on the apparel industry this phenomenon become more critical (Frank P. Saladis PMP, 2007) resultantly, decreasing in export give rise the manager to bring some intervention in this sector at top management level, a number of decision has been taken to bring change but the success ratio of these are very low (Areeba Khan 2001) our research in this context will bring the revolutionary change it will give the manager a new direction that how the successfully interventions can be made by involving the employees. Our study setting is contrived in which we have the minimal interference in this study so, the external validity of our study will be very high and it will provide a great support to the industry. Limitations The intervention process or any change process is not an event of day; it took from months to the year (Stuart Gilmour, et al 2006). As our study is cross sectional study in which we have gather the data in the same span of time so we can just analyze the past that in the past what are the impact made by the employees involvement in the intervention. However we can give recommendations for the future. Another thing which limit our study is that though we have selective the respondent with the random sampling methodology; however the organizations for the study are those which are readily available to us. Literature Review Changes must be preceded systematically (GuangmingÂÂ  Cao, et al 2004). The success ratio for the change increase greatly, when we use the proper model of planned change (YitzhakÂÂ  Samuel, et al 2004). In spite of all the planning and development change never successfully happened and mostly the reason behind this failure is resistance (JamesÂÂ  L.ÂÂ  Vann, 2004). To overcome the resistance and for the success of change several factors can influence, these can be management involvement and support, employees participation, information sharing and the most important is leadership (Jean E. Neumann, et al 1999). The sequenced, planned, organized and managed from the top changes are called the interventions (Beckhard 1961). While designing intervention, concept of Effective intervention has much importance which describes that effective intervention is providing the free and informed choice to the employees by the organization (C Argyris, 1970). Widely, research has been done that how to design intervention and how to make them effective to achieve the organization objective effectively (D. Warrick 1995). While designing some interventions, individual differences (skills, knowledge, need for autonomy, etc), organization factors (management structure, Employees, culture etc) and dimension of change process (management support, employees involvement, power etc) must be considered (J Porras, et al 1987).While going for interventions in the organization, four major options are available that are strategic interventions, Techno-structural Human Process and Human Resource Management intervention (Thomas G. Cummings, et al 2001 ). Strategic intervention is of broader term describes the corporate as well as business level strategic intervention like cultural change, strategic change, self design organization, and integrate strategic management (P. Evans, et al 1997). In human process, the interventions deals with the social issues which occurs among the organization members like communication gap, individual differences, conflicts and team issues (D. Ancona, et al 1992). Thirdly, the human resource management interventions, aim is to goal setting, Performance management, reward systems, career planning and development and managing work force diversity (D. McDonald, et al 1995). Techno-structural intervention is another type of the organizational intervention which mainly deals with the issues like business process reengineering, total quality management, Quality circles and work design (M. Tushman, et al 1985). Techno-structural interventions have two important components which are technological interventions and the structural interventions (J. Galbraith, R. Kazanjian 1986). Technological interventions involve introduction of new technology in the organization like in organization changes made from the manual to computerized, or to implement som e enterprise system (A. Chandler 1962). While in case of structural intervention it deals with the changing in organization structure, work design so that the organization may able to achieve the organization objective more effectively (G. Hamel, C. Prahalad 1994). In textile sector of Pakistan several techno-structural interventions have been made but the success ratios of these intervention is very low and still Pakistan is far behind than the rest of the world (Noor Ahmad Memon, Noor Zaman 2007). There are a number of reasons behind to discuss all these failure in the industry, but the most important of it is the lack of employees involvement in the intervention process which lead to this failure (S.A.J Shirazi 2007). Some researcher has defined the employees involvement on the basis of Participation in the change process and the profit sharing with the employees (Susan Schwochau 1997). Employees Involvement can be defined as on the basis of Power, information sharing, Knowledge skills and finally Reward (Thomas G cummings; Christopher G whorley, 2002). In our research we have used all the four variables which we have further sub divide into sub variables to measure this abstract into concept. Theoretical Framework Employees Involvement in relation with the Techno-structural Intervention Employees Involvement is independent variable and having sub variables are power, information sharing, knowledge and skills, while on the other hand techno-structural intervention is dependent variable. In our research we have studied the empirical relationship between the employees involvement and techno-structural intervention. Our scope of study is limited up to the textile industry of Pakistan in which we have selected the five readily available organizations. Power Information Sharing Knowledge and Skills Reward Employees Involvement Techno-structural Intervention Independent Variable Dependent Variable Figure-1: Employees Involvement in Relation with the Techno-structural interventions. In five organizations, we go through the study of 150 participants who are all the middle level managers. For data collection we further classified all these four variables into its indicators. Power is being defined as the decision making authority given by the employer to the employees up to their levels (D. Glew, et al 1995). The other indicators which we used in our research in order to find the indicators of power are management support and autonomy which gives the employees confidence and increase their participation in the intervention process (E. Lawler III 1986). The second indicator of the employees involvement is the information sharing which also encourage the employees to participate in the change process (SusanÂÂ  Schwochau, et al 2007). The information can be strategic information of the organization which deals with the organization vision, mission and objectives as well as the financial information which indicate the financial gains or loss by the organization, it also give raise to the trust between the employees and employers as well (David E. Morgan, Rachid Zeffane 2003). The third indicator of the employees involvement is the employees knowledge and skills which focuses on the Training and development of the employees regarding the interventions (D. Roche, et al 1984). Employees involvement can also be made affective by giving them assignment which are challenging and relevant to the change of the organization (K. Broosseau 1983), beside this overall technique of knowledge management and transfer of learning can be made appli cable to enhance the positive participation of the employees (R. Ruggles 1998). Finally, Reward systems of the organization also affect the intervention process in the organizations. While going for intervention, the organization have pay plans like skill based pay plans in which employees are being rewarded according to the skills they owned (V. Gibson 1995). Performance based pay plans and performance based incentive is also in voyage in modern management practices to encourage the employees to work for the change (Z Schiller 1996). After the successful intervention, Employees should be get participated in the profit which the organization actually make by the implementation of intervention, this will encourage other employees to be the part of the intervention in the future (J Belcher 1994). If the organization dont go for the direct financial benefits, than other measures like promotion can be a source of encouragement to the employees. In this way, we have developed all these variables to measure the employees involvement in the process of Techno-structural interventions. Power Decision making Authority Autonomy Management Support Information Sharing Strategic Information Financial Information Future Plans Procedures and Results Knowledge and Skills Training development Challenging Assignment Developing Skills Knowledge Management Reward Skill based plans Performance based plans Gain Sharing Promotion Employees Involvement Figure 2 Variables effecting the employees involvement Data Gathering For getting the data for our research, we developed several questionnaires in which we measure all these four variables that are power, information sharing, knowledge and skills. In questionnaire technique, all questionnaires consists of approximately 15-20 questions in which we have measured all these four variables to measure the employees involvement while techno-structural intervention has been measured by the indirect questions by asking about the work design, changing in technology and adoptability of the employees with the interventions. Analysis of Data Analysis of Data is being performed by the SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and in which by using the regression model we analyze our findings. We used the regression analysis model for finding the empirical relationship between the employees involvement and the techno-structural interventions in the organization. This model indicates that there is positive relationship exists between the employees involvement and techno-structural interventions. If the employees involvement is greater than the employees will perform better and go for the success of the intervention, in case if the organization is not given the employees the right to involve in decision making and employees dont find enough autonomy than employees not only will resist the change but also the success ratio of the intervention will also reduced. In context with the regression analysis performs above this indicate that model is quite significant, as the value of significance is less than .05. The significance value is actually the p-value which in statistics predicts that how much reliable is your model to predict the independent variable. On the basis of the data we gather by using the likert scale, from the observation as well as from executives interviews, we well come to know that there exist a strong relationship between the employees involvement as well as in the success of the techno-structural interventions, we have also proved this by using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) where we use the regression analysis to find the correlation in between our variables. As the data is collected from the field so the externally it does not give the exact result which we expect from the study but it shows the positive relationship and model is quite significant, in spite of field study. Another reason which can also be one of the factor that it is not showing the optimum relation is the culture of Pakistan, in which most of the time employees hesitate to take the responsibility and very few go for the intervention process and want to take the responsibility another thing which we study during this empirica l study is the attitude of executives who dont want to share the information with the employees due to broken of secrecy problem they never ever trust in their employees either they are the bottom line managers or middle level managers, our study in this circumstances is just limited up to the executives and middle management as the low level managers and workers are not directly victim of the change process, they actually take the commands from the top and middle level management and act like that, in Pakistan it is more about the culture rather than the rules and regulations or policies of the company. Conclusion Recommendations Based on the data, and the calculations shown above, it has been proved that techno-structural intervention is greatly impacted by the employees involvement, if the employees found the chance to participate in the change process, than they better performed as compared to those who dont have a chance to give their views about the intervention process. So, it is better to get the participation of the employees which should be in positive manner this will enhance the confidence of the employees towards the intervention process and self responsibility of the employees will lead to the success of the intervention. In Textile Sector, as in case of Pakistan, Employees involvement can be increased by giving the employees proper participation as well as providing the opportunity to the employees so that they can get the responsibility by their own self. The all four variables which have been discussed here must be kept in mind in order to prepare the employees for the Techno-structural intervention. One of the major problems which we really face while getting the data about the employees involvement is the organization structure which is highly autocratic. At the top level, Management dont wanted from the employees side to listen any thing they just wanted to pass the orders rather than to make the decisions by the consensus of the employees. But on one way around though some employees are also enough satisfied with this culture of the organization but in real sense the employees creativity element will all shutter down, resultantly they unable to produce that thing which actually they can. Summin g up, our discussion as that as the competition is in the market is increasing, new and radical changes are being occurring in the organizations. Those organizations who get prepared their employees to accept the changes got success while other who unable to got accept the changes fail badly and one of the major reasons they have that their human resource dont accept the change made by the employer in some technical work or some structural design, resultantly it fails down.

The Vindication of Rights of Women Essay -- Literary Analysis, Mary Wo

In Mary Wollstonecraft’s essay â€Å"A Vindication of the Rights of Women† she constantly compares men and women. Her comparisons range from their physical nature to their intelligence, and even down to the education that each sex receives. Wollstonecraft states, â€Å"In the government of the physical world it is observable that the female in point of strength is, in general, inferior to the male.†(line 1.35-37) to show that women are inferior to men in physicality, and a number of areas throughout the essay, yet through it all she voices her concerns for the rights of women and how well deserved they are. Throughout mankind’s history there has been an obvious bias towards men. Men have always been deemed superior to women, whether it be physical or intellectual. When Wollstonecraft says, â€Å"†¦I presume that rational men will excuse me for endeavoring to persuade them [women] to become more masculine and respectable.†(lines 1.81-83) she tells her fellow women to fight for equality, while flattering the opposite sex. Her statement tells women that in order to get what they want [equality] they must change their ways and habits. Its sort of like–If you can’t beat them, join them. There is just one thing holding women from their full potential–men. Wollstonecraft states, â€Å"†¦men who, considering females rather as women than human creatures, have been more anxious to make them alluring mistresses than affectionate wives and rational mothers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (lines 1.17-19) Regardless of what women do there will always be men who will continue to degrade and discourage rational, intelligent, and free-thinking women. Humans have been around for thousands of years, yet men still degrad... ...†¦the heart should be clean†¦Women ought to endeavor to purify their hearts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (lines 1.129-132) Wollstonecraft felt that women had to ignore and shed all of the things that men had told them and taught them. Women need to be themselves and not conform to anyone’s regulations. Wollstonecraft wants women to be strong, to defend their honor and innocence, and to learn to think rationally again. She says, â€Å"Weakness [in women] may excite tenderness, and gratify the arrogant pride of man†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (lines 1.142-143) and â€Å"†¦the woman who strengthens her body and exercises her mind will, by managing her family and practicing various, become the friend, and not the humble dependent of her husband†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (lines 1.145-147) Rational and independent thinking will help women in their endeavor for equality, and Wollstonecraft was an excellent example of that.

Be the Change You Wish to See in the World Essay

Gandhi said, â€Å"Be the change you wish to see in the world.† You have the power within you to create the life you want to live. You have the power to shape the world around you just by who you are being, and how you are communicating. The law of attraction, one of the fundamental aspects to living a life by design, explains that everything that is created in the outside world is the result of what takes place internally. Being the change you wish to see in the world starts with taking full responsibility for everything that is happening in your life. The first Law of Supreme Influence states, â€Å"I create my reality.† Creating your life by design means taking full ownership and total personal accountability for where you are right now. By accepting that you are fully â€Å"at cause† for your life, you access the wisdom to recognize how your moment-to-moment thoughts, words, and actions create the results you experience. Each of us is the author and architect of the results we experience. Every thought we have, word we speak (whether to ourselves or out loud), and action we take is like planting a seed; a seed that will germinate and grow when the appropriate conditions are present. Like farmers carefully planting the next harvest, we reap the effects of having sown the seeds of past thoughts and behaviors. There are no idle thoughts! Everything we see, and everything we experience has its origin and cause in the realm of thought. Understanding this phenomenon is the beginning of true wisdom. In life, you either get results or you give reasons, there is no in between. When you get a result and own it, whether you perceive it to be desirable or not, you become empowered through the wisdom that is found in recognizing how your thoughts, words, and actions create the results you receive. Owning your results is living â€Å"at cause†, giving reasons only initiates the opportunity to create similar results in the future. Any time someone gives a reason, even when it seems to be real and true, it leads to a loss of personal power. Giving reasons assumes what is happening outside of you is more powerful than your ability to transform it. And that is not true! You have the power to shift your world. It begins with you! Here are a few red flags that will illuminate anytime you’ve momentarily forgotten your creative power. Anytime you catch yourself blaming, minimizing, denying, or justifying – let it serve as a signal to bring your awareness to the present moment and come back to â€Å"cause.† As soon as you catch yourself, you can make a new choice. This gives you freedom! Being at cause for what occurs in your life gives you power, supporting you on your journey to be the change you wish to see in the world

A to Z Animal Profiles List By Scientific Name

We use common names for animals in everyday speech, but scientists have a different method of naming creatures, called binomial nomenclature, or two-word naming. This scientific naming system avoids confusion when a scientist is speaking to a colleague who speaks another language—or when different animals are given the same name in various regions. For instance, if scientists who speak English, Russian, Spanish, French, or Japanese all are talking about a Balaenoptera musculus, they all know they are speaking about the same animal: Its the sea mammal the English speaker knows as the blue whale. Latin words are used, with the first term identifying the genus to which the animal belongs—this is the animals generic name or generic epithet. The second term identifies the species—this is the animals specific name or specific epithet. While there are 1.2 million known species of animals on earth, there are millions more yet to be discovered. Scientists believe there are a total of 8.7 million species of animals in total. This list is a small sample of the known animals, but some that most people are familiar with: AAchatina - SnailAcinonyx Jubatus - CheetahActinopterygii - Ray-finned fishesAegypius Monachus - VultureAepyceros Melampus - ImpalaAgalychnis callidryas - Red-eyed tree frogAiluropoda melanoleuca - Giant pandaAlces americanus - American mooseAmblyrhynchus cristatus - Marine iguanaAmphibia - AmphibiansAnimalia - AnimalsAnser indicus - Bar-headed gooseAnseriformes - WaterfowlAntilocapra americana - PronghornAnura - Frogs and toadsAplysia californica - California sea hareArchilochus colubris - Ruby-throated hummingbirdArthropoda - ArthropoodsArtiodactyla - Even-toed ungulatesAves - Birds B Baeolophus bicolor - Tufted titmouseBalaeniceps rex - ShoebillBalaenoptera musculus - Blue whaleBatoidea - Skates and raysBison bison - American bisonBlattaria - CockroachBombus - Bumble BeeBos Taurus - Highland CattleBrachyura - CrabBranta canadensis - Canada gooseBranta sandvicensis - Nene gooseBufo bufo - European common toad C Caelifera - GrasshopperCampephilus principalis - Ivory-billed woodpeckerCanidae - CanidsCanis lupus arctos - Arctic wolfCapra Aegagrus Hircus - GoatCaracal caracal - CaracalCarcharodon carcharias - Great white sharkCaretta caretta - Loggerhead turtleCarnivora - CarnivoresCastor canadensis - American beaverCavia Porcellus - Guinea pigCepphus columba - Pigeon guillemotCeratotherium simum - White rhinocerosCetacea - CetaceansChelonia - Turtles and tortoisesChelonia mydas - Green sea turtleChiroptera - BatsChondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishesChordata - ChordatesCichlidae - CichlidsCiconiiformes - Herons, storks, ibises and spoonbillsCnidaria - CnidariaConolophus subcristatus - Galapagos land iguanaCrocodilia - CrocodiliansCyclura cornuta - Rhinoceros iguana D Danaus plexippus - Monarch butterflyDasyatis Centroura - StingrayDasypus novemcinctus - Nine-banded armadilloDaubentonia madagascariensis - Aye-ayeDelphinus delphis - Common dolphinDendrobates auratus - Green poison dart frogDermochelys coriacea - Leatherback sea turtleDidelphis Virginiana - OppossumDiceros bicornis - Black rhinocerosDiomedea exulans - Wandering albatrossDugong dugong - Dugong E Echinodermata - EchinodermsElasmobranchii - Sharks, skates and raysElectrophorus Electricus - Electric eelElephas maximus - Asiatic elephantEquus asinus somalicus - Somali wild assEquus burchellii - Burchells zebraEquus caballus przewalskii - Przewalskis wild horseEretmochelys imbricata - Hawksbill sea turtleErithacus rubecula - European robinErethizon Dorsaum - PorcupineEschrichtius robustus - Gray whaleEudocimus ruber - Scarlet ibis F Falconiformes - Birds of preyFelidae - CatsFelis Concolor - PumaFratercula arctica - Atlantic puffinFregatidae - Frigatebirds G Galeocerdo Cuvier - Tiger SharkGallus Gallus - ChickenGastropoda - Gastropods, slugs and snailsGavialis gangeticus - GavialGeochelone nigra - Galapagos tortoiseGiraffa camelopardalis - GiraffeGorilla gorilla - GorillaGymnophiona - Caecilians H Heloderma Suspectum - Gila monsterHelogale Parvula - MongooseHippopotamus amphibus - HippopotamusHomo neanderthalensis - NeandertalHyaenidae - HyenasHyperoodon ampullatus - Northern bottlenose whale IIguana Iguana - IguanaIndri Indri - InrdiInsecta - InsectsIsoptera - Termite L Lagenorhynchus acutus - Atlantic white-sided dolphinLagenorhynchus obscurus - Dusky dolphinLagomorpha - Hares, rabbits and pikasLoxodonta africana - African elephantLynx lynx - Eurasian lynxLynx rufus - Bobcat M Mammalia - MammalsMarsupialia - MarsupialsMeles meles - European badgerMephitidae - Skunks and stink badgersMetazoa - AnimalsMicrolophus albemarlensis - Lava lizardMollusca - MollusksMorus bassanus - Northern gannetMustela nigripes - Black-footed ferretMustelidae - MustelidsMyrmecophaga tridactyla - Giant anteater O Orcaella brevirostris - Irrawaddy dolphinOrcinus orca - OrcaOctopus vugaris - OctopusOdobenus Rosmarus - WalrusOdocoileus Virginiana - DeerOrnithorhynchus Anatinus - Platypus PPanthera leo - LionPanthera onca - PantherPanthera pardus - LeopardPanthera pardus orientalis - Amur leopardPanthera tigris - TigerPanthera tigris altaica - Siberian tigerPanthera uncia - Snow leopardPelicaniformes - Pelicans and relativesPerissodactyla - Odd-toed ungulatesPhascolarctos cinereus - KoalaPhoca vitulina - Common sealPhoenicopterus ruber - Greater flamingoPlatalea ajaja - Roseate spoonbillPongo pygmaeus - Bornean orangutanPorifera - SpongesProboscidea - ElephantsPropithecus tattersalli - Golden-crowned sifakaPterois volitans - Firefish or lionfishPteropus rodricensis - Rodriguez flying foxPuma concolor - Mountain LionPygoscelis adeliae - Adà ©lie penguin RRamphastos Sulfuratus - Keel-billed toucanRana Catesbeiana - BullfrogRangifer tarandus - CaribouRaphus Cucullatus - DodoReptilia - ReptilesRhincodon typus - Whale sharkRodentia - Rodents SSarcopterygii - Lobe-finned fishesScyphozoa - JellyfishSphenisciformes - PenguinsSphenodontida - TuatarasSphyrnidae - Hammerhead sharksSquamata - Amphisbaenians, lizards and snakesStrigiformes - OwlsStruthio camelus - OstrichSuidae - PigsSula nebouxii - Blue-footed boobySuricata suricatta - Meerkat TTamandua tetradactyla - Southern tamanduaTamias Striatus - ChipmunkTapiridae - TapirsTinamiformes - TinamousTragelaphus oryx - Eland antelopeTremarctos ornatus - Spectacled bearTrichechus - ManateesTrochilidae - HummingbirdsTursiops truncatus - Bottlenose dolphinTytonidae - Barn owls UUrochordata - Sea squirtUroplatus - Leaf-tailed geckoUrsus Americanus - American black bearUrsus Arctos - Brown bearUrsus Maritimus - Polar bear VVaranus Indicus - Monitor lizardVaranus komodoensis - Komodo dragonVespa Mandarinia - Asian giant hornetVombatus Ursinus - WombatVulpes vulpes - Red fox XXenarthra - XenarthransXenopus Laevis - African clawed frog